Lewis, Morag A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-8600
Schulte, Bradley A.
Dubno, Judy R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-4721
Steel, Karen P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8019-5359
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (P50 DC 000422, P50 DC 000422 administrative supplement)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR001450)
Wellcome Trust (221769/Z/20/Z)
Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Revised: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 19 September 2025
First Online: 27 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Data collection and access procedures for the NIH All of Us Research Program have been approved by the All of Us institutional review board. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.