Salsi, Valentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-0360
Losi, Francesca https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0738-5083
Pini, Sara https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7632-6002
Chiara, Matteo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3983-4961
Tupler, Rossella https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3797-1789
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (PE_00000019 HEAL ITALIA)
Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Revised: 27 November 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 14 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: It was not required for this study because all experiments were conducted on established human cell lines obtained from publicly available repositories and did not involve human participants or animal subjects.