Schönegger, Deborah
Montellier, Emilie
Blanchet, Sandrine
Freycon, Claire
Monti, Paola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1978-4998
Goudie, Catherine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0670-3121
Bougeard, Gaëlle https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1475-0254
Kratz, Christian P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-5873
Hainaut, Pierre
Reymer, Anna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-7918
Funding for this research was provided by:
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-22-CPJ1-0044-01)
P.M. was partially supported by E.S.T. Engineering Ship Technology Pte Ltd.
Deutsche Kinderkrebsstiftung (DKS 2024.03)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (ADDRess program (01GM2205A))
Fondation de l'Avenir pour la Recherche Médicale Appliquée (ERiCAN program)
Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Revised: 2 February 2026
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Public datasets (IARC/NCI TP53 Database R21, COSMIC v94, and gnomAD v4.1.0) are openly available and did not require ethical approval. Access to controlled TCGA RNA-Seq data was granted under dbGaP authorization (NCI dbGaP Study Accession: phs000178.v11.p8), and the use of de-identified data complied with TCGA and dbGaP access policies. Validation cohort data were used with ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School (Germany) and the French National Ethics Committee.