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Authors
Ma, Yiyuan https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6457-5291
Wu, Yue
Hu, Leyi
Zhang, Xinyu
Zheng, Danying
Liu, Zhenzhen
Jin, Guangming https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-6338
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Article History
Received: 25 May 2025
Revised: 17 September 2025
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The UK Biobank Study has received ethical approval from the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care and the NHS North West Multicenter Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 16/NW/0274). All participants in the study provided informed consent through electronic signature during the baseline assessment. This present study was conducted under application number 87083 of the UK Biobank resource.
