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Authors
Hanson, Rachel L. W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-9810
Airody, Archana
Sivaprasad, Sobha
McKibbin, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-243X
Morland, Antony B.
Peto, Tunde https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-0381
Chakravarthy, Usha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-3734
Gale, Richard P. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0213-6253
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Gale, Richard P.
Sivaprasad, Sobha
McKibbin, Martin
Hopkins, Nicola
Downey, Louise
Menon, Geeta
Fletcher, Emily
Peto, Tunde
Ben Burton,
Bindra, Mandeep
Pagliarini, Sergio
Ghanchi, Faruque
MacKenzie, Sarah
Stone, Amy
George, Sheena
Banerjee, Sanjiv
Vasileios, Konidaris
Dodds, Steven
Madhusudhan, Savita
Brand, Chris
Lotery, Andrew
Whistance-Smith, Diane
Empeslidis, Theo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novartis | Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Limited (OAP030A2401T)
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Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Revised: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 19 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Competing interests
: RPG: Received honorarium for advisory board meetings and speaker fees from Abbvie, Allergan, Alimera, Apellis, Bayer, Heidelberg Engineering, Lux Biosciences, Novartis, Notal Vision and Roche; Institutional grants from Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd and Bayer Pharmaceuticals. SS: Member of the Eye editorial board. Institutional research grants and received support for publication from Novartis, Bayer, Allergan/Abbvie and Boehringer Ingleheim; Attended advisory board meetings of Allergan, Apellis, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Heidelberg Engineering, Novartis, Oxurion, Oculis, Optos, Ophthea and Roche. UC: Personal fees from Novartis, Iveric, Roche, Boehringer Ingleheim, Apellis and Alimera; Other: Bayer, Gyroscope. TP: Member of the Eye editorial board.
