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Comparative evaluation of large language model–based AI chatbots in solving ophthalmological clinical case vignettes

Published Online: 2026-04-03

Authors

Vongole, Himanish

Onkar, Abhishek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3841-1310
Chaturvedi, Akash
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Article History

Received: 14 January 2026

Revised: 26 February 2026

Accepted: 25 March 2026

First Online: 3 April 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study utilized anonymized clinical case vignettes and involved no direct patient interaction. Institutional ethics committee approval was not required.

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