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Authors
Lima, João Pedro
Zeraatkar, Dena
Al Masri, Marah
Sivaprasad, Sobha
Steel, David H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8734-3089
Wong, Tien Yin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-1264
Wykoff, Charlie C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-5091
Chaudhary, Varun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-4146
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Article History
Received: 15 December 2025
Revised: 24 March 2026
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 4 May 2026
Competing interests
: JPL: None. DZ: None. DHS: Consultant for Alcon, BVI, DORC, Roche, Alimera, Eyepoint, Complement therapeutics, Sitala, AviadoBio; Research funding: Alcon, Bayer, DORC, BVI, Boehringer-Ingelheim. TYW is a consultant for Astellas, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Genentech, Iveric Bio, Novartis, Oxurion, Plano, Roche, Sanofi, and Shanghai Henlius. He is an inventor, holds patents and is a co-founder of start-up companies EyRiS and Visre, which have interests in, and develop digital solutions for eye diseases. CCW reports consulting for 4DMT, AbbVie, Adverum, Alcon, Alimera, Alkeus, Annexon, Apellis, Aviceda, Bayer, Biocryst, Boehringer Ingelheim, Clearside, EyeBiotech, EyePoint, Genentech, InGel, Janssen, Kiora, KodiakMerck, Neurotech, Novartis, Ocuphire, ONL, Opthea, Osanni, Panther, Perceive Bio, Ray, Regeneron, RegenXBio, Sanofi, Santen, Stealth, Valo, Zeiss. VC reports acting as an advisory board member, grants and other from Novartis; acting as an advisory board member, grants and other from Bayer; grants from Allergan; acting as an advisory board member and grants from Roche; acting as an advisory board member for Janssen; acting as an advisory board member for Apellis; acting as an advisory board member for Boehringer Ingelheim, and acting as an advisory board member for EyePoint outside the submitted work. Member of the Eye editorial board.
