Carlini, Federico
Squillario, Margherita https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-3383
Casella, Valentina
Capaia, Matteo
Lusi, Valeria
Bagnara, Davide
Colombo, Monica https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-8106
Palmeri, Serena
Ivaldi, Federico
Loiacono, Fabrizio
Uccelli, Antonio
Piana, Michele
Laroni, Alice https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-9788
Article History
Received: 6 August 2024
Revised: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2025
First Online: 12 June 2025
Competing interests
: AL received fees for consultation, public speaking, or both from Roche, Genzyme, Merck, Biogen, Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb. FC, MS, AU, MP, FI, DB, MaC, MoC, SP, VC and VL report no conflicts of interest.
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (Neuro18-84). Donors provided their signed informed consent before enrolment in the study according to the Declaration of Helsinki.