Zhong, Jianghong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-6642
Chen, Zhongheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4655-4709
Yue, Hangqi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4484-856X
Han, Zhicheng https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7291-7698
Zhu, Weibin https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8696-0706
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Revised: 17 October 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The animal study protocols were approved by the ethical committees of Beihang University, China (BM20210060). All animal models and experimental procedures were performed in accordance with standard laboratory guidelines, institutional biosafety regulations, and manufacturer’s recommendations. No primary human tissues, human subjects, or cell lines were involved in this research.
: Not applicable—this study does not involve human participants and contains no individual participant data.