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Article History

Received: 18 December 2020

Revised: 24 March 2021

Accepted: 18 April 2021

First Online: 8 June 2021

Ethical approval

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Osaka University and by all of the following institutes and hospitals throughout Japan that participated in this collaborative study: National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, National Nagasaki Medical Center, Chiba University, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Saga Medical School, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Tottori University, Saitama Medical University, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Iwate Medical University, Kurume University School of Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, and Kitasato University School of Medicine. All participants provided written informed consent for participation in this study, and the methods were carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines.

: The Department of Genome Informatics is a joint research department established with sponsorship by the NEC Corporation. K.K. is an employee of the NEC Corporation. The funders (NEC Corporation) provided support in the form of salaries for one author (K.K.) but did not have any additional roles in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. All other authors declare no competing interests.