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Authors
Velasquez, David A. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0475-4918
Liu, Allison
Kalidoss, Senthooran
Yeaman, Clinton
Bryk, Darren
Fustok, Judy N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6190-2409
Shelton, Thomas M.
Alhameedi, Hasan
Payakachat, Nalin
Kamel, Mohamed
Ledesma, Braian R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-5493
Khalil, Mahmoud I.
Smith, Ryan
Raheem, Omer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-116X
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2023
Revised: 8 May 2024
Accepted: 11 June 2024
First Online: 18 June 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study utilized data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Database and was exempt from formal Institutional Review Board approval, with no consent required from participants. The study adhered to ethical principles in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: All authors listed have seen and approved this manuscript and contributed significantly to the work.
