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Authors
Migliorini, Filippo
Brancelli, Claudio
Costantino, Sonia
De Maria, Nicola
Marcer, Anna
Porcaro, Antonio Benito
Veccia, Alessandro
Rizzetto, Riccardo
Bertolo, Riccardo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-4601
Ribichini, Flavio Luciano
Antonelli, Alessandro
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Article History
Received: 20 January 2025
Revised: 28 January 2025
Accepted: 14 February 2025
First Online: 21 February 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This pilot study did not require formal ethical approval as it involved the retrospective analysis of anonymized patients’ data with no direct patient intervention or identifiable private information. According to the Declaration of Helsinki, research involving de-identified datasets is exempt from ethical review as it poses no risk to individuals’ privacy or well-being. Furthermore, this study was observational and did not involve new data collection from participants or manipulation of health interventions. As such, it qualified for an ethical waiver status. Nevertheless, the study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards and with respect for data integrity, transparency, and compliance with any applicable regulations for secondary data analysis.
