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Article History

Received: 4 August 2025

Revised: 1 September 2025

Accepted: 18 September 2025

First Online: 26 September 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The original study protocol of this case series was reviewed and approved by institutional review board (No. 2023GRO0449 at Korea University Guro Hospital). Consequently, all methods were performed in accordance with the Institutional Clinical Trial Guidelines and Regulations. All subjects were informed and instructed about the objectives and procedures of the current clinical trial. They were asked to sign the informed consent after a detailed explanation of possible adverse events (AEs) related to the filler and filler injection procedure. They were also asked to sign the informed consent after a detailed explanation of publication of the results in which the photo or image of their penis can be used.