Colonnello, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-7163
Ye, Juanhui
Wang, Chunlin
Liu, Zhuo Jie
Zhu, Dake
Sansone, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1210-2843
Jannini, Emmanuele A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-039X
Zhang, Yan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-7359
Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Revised: 19 January 2026
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interest.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (approval no. II2023-247-02) and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 WMA Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided their informed consent before the study.