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Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Internal Medicine at Yale School of Medicine
Article History
Received: 28 July 2020
Accepted: 3 December 2021
First Online: 21 January 2022
Competing interests
: S.H.K. receives consulting fees from Northrop Grumman. L.E.N. is a founder and shareholder in Humacyte, Inc, which is a regenerative medicine company. Humacyte produces engineered blood vessels from allogeneic smooth muscle cells for vascular surgery. L.E.N.’s spouse has equity in Humacyte, and L.E.N. serves on Humacyte’s Board of Directors. L.E.N. is an inventor on patents that are licensed to Humacyte and that produce royalties for L.E.N. L.E.N. has received an unrestricted research gift to support research in her laboratory at Yale. Humacyte did not fund these studies, and Humacyte did not influence the conduct, description, or interpretation of the findings in this report. N.D.G. is a paid consultant for Tempus Labs and the National Basketball Association. A.I.K. received consulting fees from Tata Sons and Regeneron and is a recipient of grants on COVID-19 from Merck, Regeneron, and Serimmune all of which are outside the submitted work. K.B.H. receives consulting fees from Prellis Biologics. C.D.C. is a recipient of a grant from BMS. A.U. reports personal consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, RemedyCell, Augmanity Nano, and 1E Therapeutics in the last 36 months, and Equity in RemedyCell, all outside the submitted work. D.A.H. has received research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Sanofi, and Genentech. He has been a consultant for Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Compass Therapeutics, EMD Serono, Genentech, Juno Therapeutics, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Proclara Biosciences, Sage Therapeutics, and Sanofi Genzyme. Further information regarding funding is available on: . N.K. reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Third Rock, Pliant, Samumed, NuMedii, Indalo, Theravance, LifeMax, Three Lake Partners, RohBar, Astra Zeneca, Veracyte, Augmanity, CSL Behring, and Thyron in the last 36 months, and reports equity in Pliant and Thyron. N.K. is also a recipient of a grant from Veracyte Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, and non-financial support from MiRagen and Astra Zeneca. All outside the submitted work; in addition, N.K. has patents on New Therapies in Pulmonary Fibrosis and ARDS (optioned to biotech) and Peripheral Blood Gene Expression as biomarkers in IPF (licensed to biotech). T.S.S., N.N., X.Y., A.Y.Z., V.G., J.C.S., H.A., Y.L., C.C.Jr., W.D., M.C., M.S.B.R., G.W., Z.W., G.D., N.G.R., N.L., C.C., P.W., J.F., S.B., L.S., A.C., C.B.F.V., A.L.W., A.M., H.M., Y.S., M.M., S.M., W.E.R, I.C., K.R., R.R.M., S.F.F., A.I., A.C.S., D.V.D., and H.Z. declare no competing interests.