Andreano, Emanuele http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-5788
Paciello, Ida
Pierleoni, Giulio http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-7201
Piccini, Giulia http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-7910
Abbiento, Valentina
Antonelli, Giada
Pileri, Piero http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2888-8748
Manganaro, Noemi http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8512-4704
Pantano, Elisa
Maccari, Giuseppe http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2894-3583
Marchese, Silvia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-7174
Donnici, Lorena http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9153-9102
Benincasa, Linda
Giglioli, Ginevra
Leonardi, Margherita
De Santi, Concetta
Fabbiani, Massimiliano
Rancan, Ilaria
Tumbarello, Mario
Montagnani, Francesca http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2267-1337
Sala, Claudia
Medini, Duccio
De Francesco, Raffaele http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-5123
Montomoli, Emanuele
Rappuoli, Rino http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8827-254X
Article History
Received: 25 May 2022
Accepted: 23 December 2022
First Online: 4 January 2023
Competing interests
: E.A., I.P., N.M., P.P., E.P., V.A., C.D.S., C.S., and R.R. are listed as inventors of full-length human monoclonal antibodies described in Italian patent applications n. 102020000015754 filed on June 30, 2020, 102020000018955 filed on August 3, 2020, and 102020000029969 filed on 4 December 2020, and the international patent system number PCT/IB2021/055755 filed on 28 June 2021. All patents were submitted by Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. R.D.F. is a consultant for Moderna on activities not related to SARS-CoV-2. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.