Carter, Jodi M.
Chumsri, Saranya
Hinerfeld, Douglas A.
Ma, Yaohua
Wang, Xue http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-4124
Zahrieh, David
Hillman, David W. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-1147
Tenner, Kathleen S.
Kachergus, Jennifer M.
Brauer, Heather Ann
Warren, Sarah E.
Henderson, David
Shi, Ji
Liu, Yi
Joensuu, Heikki http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-2507
Lindman, Henrik
Leon-Ferre, Roberto A.
Boughey, Judy C. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-3228
Liu, Minetta C. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5232
Ingle, James N. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1257-7731
Kalari, Krishna R.
Couch, Fergus J.
Knutson, Keith L. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-4467
Goetz, Matthew P.
Perez, Edith A.
Thompson, E. Aubrey http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9001-4240
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P50CA116201)
Susan G. Komen (SAC190091)
Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF 21-161)
Florida Department of Health (22B08)
Article History
Received: 27 May 2021
Accepted: 30 March 2023
First Online: 18 April 2023
Competing interests
: D.A.H., S.E.W., H.A.B., and D.H. were employees of NanoString Technologies, Inc., at the time these experiments were carried out. J.M.C. declares consulting fees/advisory board fees (outside the scope of this work) from AstraZeneca, Agilent, Merck, and Roche. H.A.B. declares that the findings and conclusions contained within this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions or policies of her current employer, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. M.C.L. is currently an employee of Natera. At the time these experiments were ongoing, M.C.L. received research support (but no personal compensation) from Eisai, Exact Sciences, Genentech, Genomic Health, GRAIL, Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Merck, Novartis, Seattle Genetics, and Tesaro. M.C.L. also served in an advisory capacity (no personal compensation) to Adela, AstraZeneca, Celgene, Roche/Genentech, Genomic Health, GRAIL, Ionis, Merck, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics, and Syndax. F.J.C. reports research support from GRAIL, consulting support from AstraZeneca, and speaker’s fees from Natera and Ambry Genetics. R.L.F. reports consulting services for Gilead Sciences, AstraZeneca, and Lyell Immunopharma. Honoraria for services have been paid to Mayo Clinic for research activity, but no personal payments have been received by F.J.C. J.C.B. reports the payment to Mayo Clinic for consultation with Eli Lilly, SymBioSis, and Cairns Surgical, as well as speaker’s fees from PER and PeerView and royalties for writing for UpToDate. H.J. reports personal compensation from Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Maud Kulstila Foundation, Neutron Therapeutics, Orion Pharma, and Satar Therapeutics, as well as stocks/shares in Orion Pharma. M.P.G. reports personal fees for CME activities from Research to Practice, Clinical Education Alliance, Medscape, and MJH Life Sciences; personal fees for serving as a panelist for a panel discussion from Total Health Conferencing and personal fees for serving as a moderator for Curio Science; consulting fees to Mayo Clinic from ARC Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Biotheranostics, Blueprint Medicines, Lilly, RNA Diagnostics, Sanofi Genzyme, and Seattle Genetics; and grant funding to Mayo Clinic from Lilly, Pfizer, and Sermonix. S.C. received research support, paid to Mayo Clinic, from Merck & Co., Pfizer, Salix Pharmaceuticals, and Rebiotix, Inc. S.C. received consulting fees, paid to Mayo Clinic, from AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Immunomedics, Biotheranostics, Novartis, Athenex, Syndax, Puma Biotechnology, Eisai, and Seagen. K.L.K. reports consulting fees from Leidos, Antigen Express, and Affyimmune, with grant and other funding to Mayo Clinic from Marker Therapeutics, Macrogenics, Bolt Therapeutics, and Tallac, as well as royalties from Marker Therapeutics and stocks from Kiromic, Inc. The remaining authors declare no other competing interests.