Komori, Mai https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-3456
Nogimori, Takuto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6011-9631
Morey, Amber L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401-9853
Sekida, Takashi
Ishimoto, Keiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9188-6702
Hassett, Matthew R.
Masuta, Yuji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2349-6320
Ode, Hirotaka
Tamura, Tomokazu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-6610
Suzuki, Rigel
Alexander, Jeff
Kido, Yasutoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-2631
Matsuda, Kenta
Fukuhara, Takasuke https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5471-8331
Iwatani, Yasumasa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9269-4828
Yamamoto, Takuya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3753-1211
Smith, Jonathan F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-2128
Akahata, Wataru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9207-6923
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP21nf0101627)
Article History
Received: 26 October 2022
Accepted: 27 April 2023
First Online: 19 May 2023
Competing interests
: M.K., A.L.M., K.I. and K.M. are employees (VLP Therapeutics, Inc.); W.A. is a board member, an employee and holds stocks (VLP Therapeutics, Inc.); J.F.S. is an employee and holds stocks (VLP Therapeutics. Inc.); J.A. and M.R.H. were employees at VLP Therapeutics. T.S. is an employee (VLP Therapeutics Japan, LLC); W.A. is a management board member (VLP Therapeutics Japan, LLC); W.A. and J.F.S. are inventors on related vaccine patents (Coronavirus vaccine #17/232666 and Efficient vaccine #18/067358). The remaining authors declare no competing interest.