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Article History

Received: 11 April 2023

Accepted: 14 August 2023

First Online: 22 August 2023

Competing interests

: C.H.J., S.M.A. and E.P. are scientific founders and hold equity in Capstan Therapeutics. E.P. is on the scientific advisory boards of Parthenon Therapeutics and POINT Biopharma. S.M.A. is on the scientific advisory boards of Verismo and Bioardis. C.H.J. is a scientific founder and has equity in Tmunity Therapeutics/KITE Pharma and DeCART Therapeutics, reports grants from Tmunity Therapeutics, and is on the scientific advisory boards of BluesphereBio, Cabaletta, Carisma, Cellares, Celldex, ImmuneSensor, Poseida, Verismo, Viracta Therapeutics, WIRB Copernicus Group, and Ziopharm Oncology. S.M.A., E.P., L.T. and J.S. are inventors (University of Pennsylvania) on a patent (10329355; Compositions and Methods for Targeting Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Cancer) and patent application for the 4G5 FAP CAR (Patent Applications 20210087294, Monoclonal Antibody Against Canine Fibroblast Activation Protein that Cross-Reacts with Mouse and Human Fibroblast Activation Protein [FAP] and 20210087295, Disrupting Tumor Tissues by Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein [FAP]). S.M.A. and E.P. are inventors (University of Pennsylvania) on a patent application (US Provisional Patent Application 62/563,323 filed 26 September 2017, WIPO Patent Application PCT/US2018/052605: Targeting Cardiac Fibrosis with Engineered T Cells). In accordance with the University of Pennsylvania policies and procedures and our ethical obligations as researchers, C.H.J. is named on additional patents that describe the creation and therapeutic use of chimeric antigen receptors. These interests have been fully disclosed to the University of Pennsylvania, and approved plans are in place for managing any potential conflicts arising from licensing these patents. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.