Jeong, Chaehwa http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9153-710X
Lee, Juhyeok http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-5728
Jo, Hyesung http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-8962
Oh, Jaewhan
Baik, Hionsuck
Go, Kyoung-June http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-3302
Son, Junwoo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-1987
Choi, Si-Young http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1648-142X
Prosandeev, Sergey
Bellaiche, Laurent http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-2024
Yang, Yongsoo http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-302X
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (2020R1C1C1006239, RS-2023-00208179, 2020R1A4A1018935)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-21-1-2086)
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (W911NF-21-2-0162)
Korea Basic Science Institute (PG2022004-09)
Article History
Received: 4 July 2023
Accepted: 16 April 2024
First Online: 8 May 2024
Competing interests
: C.J., J.L., H.J., J.O. and Y.Y. have patent application (Korea, 10-2023-0133750), which disclose three-dimensional polarization mappings for ferroelectrics. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.