Ghosh, Rajesh http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-8944
Joung, Hyou-Arm http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-4459
Goncharov, Artem
Palanisamy, Barath
Ngo, Kevin
Pejcinovic, Katarina http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7802-3993
Krockenberger, Nicole http://orcid.org/0009-0001-1693-1120
Horn, Elizabeth J.
Garner, Omai B.
Ghazal, Ezdehar
O’Kula, Andrew
Arnaboldi, Paul M.
Dattwyler, Raymond J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-1301
Ozcan, Aydogan http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0717-683X
Di Carlo, Dino http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3942-4284
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R44AI150060)
National Science Foundation (1648451)
Article History
Received: 21 July 2023
Accepted: 29 July 2024
First Online: 20 August 2024
Competing interests
: H.-A.J., O.B.G., A.O., and D.D.C. are inventors in patents (US12013395B2) and patent applications (US20220299525A1) for the xVFA and smartphone reader platform. Some of the peptides described in this study are protected under US patent number 7887815B2 and US provisional patent application nos. 14376409 and 15102002, all owned by Biopeptides, Corp. R.J.D. is a shareholder in Biopeptides, Corp. P.M.A. has a research appointment with Biopeptides Corp. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.