Liu, Wei
Li, Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-7141
Tang, Yitao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-1890
Zhao, Yining
Liu, Chaozhong
Song, Meiyi
Ju, Zhenlin
Kumar, Shwetha V.
Lu, Yiling
Akbani, Rehan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-7721
Mills, Gordon B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-9614
Liang, Han https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-286X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U24264128)
Article History
Received: 11 March 2024
Accepted: 24 February 2025
First Online: 6 March 2025
Competing interests
: R.A. is a bioinformatics consultant for the University of Houston. G.B.M. is on the scientific advisory board and/or a consultant for Amphista, Astex, AstraZeneca, BlueDot, Chrysallis Biotechnology, Ellipses Pharma, GSK, ImmunoMET, Infinity, Ionis, Leapfrog Bio, Lilly, Medacorp, Nanostring, Nuvectis, PDX Pharmaceuticals, Qureator, Roche, Signalchem Lifesciences, Tarveda, Turbine, and Zentalis Pharmaceuticals. G.B.M. has stock or receives income from BlueDot, Catena Pharmaceuticals, ImmunoMet, Nuvectis, SignalChem, Tarveda, and Turbine. G.B.M. has licensed HRD assay to Myriad Genetics. G.B.M. is an inventor on a patent (U.S. Patent No. 10501777) titled “Simultaneous quantification of a plurality of proteins in a user-defined region or a cross-sectioned tissue,” licensed to NanoString Technologies, Inc., which is unrelated to this study. G.B.M. also receives income for sponsored research from AstraZeneca. H.L. is a shareholder and advisor for Precision Scientific. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.