Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 May 2024

Accepted: 19 March 2025

First Online: 21 April 2025

Competing interests

: E.J.L. reports the following: Consultant/Advisor: Agenus, Bristol-Myers Squibb, CareDx, Eisai, Genentech, HUYA Bioscience International, Immunocore, Instil Bio, IO Biotech, Lyvgen, Merck, Merck KGaA, Natera, Nektar, Novartis, OncoSec, Pfizer, Rain Therapeutics, Regeneron, Replimune, Sanofi-Aventis, Sun Pharma, Syneos Health. Institutional Research Funding: 1104Health, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Haystack Oncology, Merck, Regeneron, Sanofi. Stock: Iovance. E.J.L is supported by Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, the Marilyn and Michael Glosserman Fund for Basal Cell Carcinoma and Melanoma Research, the Barney Family Foundation, and the Laverna Hahn Charitable Trust. M.B. reports Grant/Research Support (paid to Johns Hopkins): Merck and Consulting: Exelixis, Incyte, AstraZeneca. E.M.J. reports other support from Abmeta and Adventris, personal fees from Dragonfly, Neuvogen, Surge Tx, Mestag, HDTbio, and grants from Lustgarten, Genentech, BMS, NeoTx, and Break Through Cancer. Dr. Elizabeth Jaffee is a founder of and holds equity in Adventris Pharmaceuticals. She also serves as a consultant to the entity. Further, Adventris Pharmaceuticals has licensed a technology described in this study from the Johns Hopkins University. As a result of that agreement, Dr. Jaffee and the University are entitled to royalty distributions related to technology described in the study discussed in this publication. This arrangement has been reviewed and approved by the Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. G.S.C. is an employee and stockholder of Roche. G.S.C. received support for preparation of this manuscript and corresponding travel from Roche. G.S.C. is a co-inventor on patents filed by Genentech/Roche that are related to atezolizumab use. R.M. is an employee and stockholder of F. Hoffman-La Roche, Ltd. R.M. is a co-inventor on patents filed by Genentech/Roche that are related to atezolizumab use. W.J.H. reports patent royalties from Rodeo/Amgen; grants from Sanofi, NeoTX, and Riboscience; speaking/travel honoraria from Exelixis and Standard BioTools. M.Y. has received grant/research support (to Johns Hopkins) from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Incyte and Genentech/Roche; has received honoraria from Genentech/Roche, Exelixis, AstraZeneca, Replimune, Hepion, and Lantheus; and is a cofounder with equity of Adventris. D.J.Z. reports grant support (to Johns Hopkins) and travel from Roche/Genentech, and honoraria from Omni Health Media, Sermo, Atheneum, Escientiq, Deerfield Institute, ZoomRx, and NeuCore Bio. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.