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Authors
O’Mahoney, Lauren L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2786-3290
Routen, Ash https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5651-4228
Gillies, Clare
Jenkins, Sian A.
Almaqhawi, Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6035-1230
Ayoubkhani, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6352-0394
Banerjee, Amitava https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-3411
Brightling, Chris
Calvert, Melanie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-837X
Cassambai, Shabana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-9063
Ekezie, Winifred
Funnell, Mark P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7473-5999
Welford, Anneka
Peace, Arron
Evans, Rachael A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-868X
Jeffers, Shavez https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-1772
Kingsnorth, Andrew P.
Pareek, Manish
Seidu, Samuel
Wilkinson, Thomas J.
Willis, Andrew
Shafran, Roz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2729-4961
Stephenson, Terence https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-7847
Sterne, Jonathan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8496-6053
Ward, Helen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-5036
Ward, Tom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-4063
Khunti, Kamlesh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7099
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2024
Accepted: 7 April 2025
First Online: 7 May 2025
Competing interests
: A.B. is PI of the NIHR-funded STIMULATE-ICP study (COV-LT2-0043) and has also received other research funding from Astra Zeneca, NIHR, BMA, UKRI and EU. M.C. is Director of the Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, Director of the Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research and is a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator. MC receives funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, the NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, NIHR ARC West Midlands, UK SPINE, European Regional Development Fund – Demand Hub and Health Data Research UK at the University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Innovate UK (part of UKRI), Macmillan Cancer Support, UCB Pharma, Janssen, GSK and Gilead. She is the senior author of the Symptom Burden Questionnaire™ for Long COVID. M.C. has received personal fees from Aparito Ltd, CIS Oncology, Takeda, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo, Glaukos, GSK and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) outside the submitted work. In addition, a family member owns shares in GSK. All research at Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health is made possible by the NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health (R.S. and T.S.). T.S. is Chair of the Health Research Authority for England and recused himself from all Research Ethics Applications. H.W. is an NIHR Senior Investigator Award and acknowledges support from the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Health Data Research UK, NIHR Applied Research Collaborative North West London, and the Wellcome Trust. K.K. is Chair of the Ethnicity Subgroup of the UK Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) and Member of SAGE and also Chair of the National Long Covid Research Working Group which informs the Chief Medical Officer. K.K. has acted as a consultant, speaker or received grants for investigator-initiated studies for Astra Zeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Pfizer and Roche. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
