Ballard, Jake https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-9034
Hubbard, Matthew
Jung, Sung-Jin
Rojas, Vanessa
Ung, Richard
Suh, Junwoo
Kim, MinSoo
Lee, Joonhyun
Pierce, Jonathan M.
Venkatasubramanian, Rama https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-879X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Funding was internal within JHUAPL and Samsung Electronics. These projects are acknowledged in the manuscript, with respective project numbers.
Article History
Received: 9 December 2024
Accepted: 2 May 2025
First Online: 21 May 2025
Competing interests
: R.V. and J.M.P., are inventors on intellectual property pertaining to thin-film thermoelectric devices and US Patents 11,227,988, 11,532,778, and application 18/071,789. R.V. and J.M.P. are inventors on US Patent 10,903,139. Johns Hopkins University is the applicant on these patents. R.V. and J.M.P. do not declare any other financial or non-financial competing interests. The remaining authors J.B., M.H., S-J.J., V.R., R.U., J.S., M.K., and J.L. declare no competing interests.