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Authors
Sayavedra, Lizbeth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-9471
Yasir, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-2996
Goldson, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7132-2459
Brion, Arlaine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5107-9212
Le Gall, Gwenaelle https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-2196
Moreno-Gonzalez, Mar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-5751
Altera, Annalisa
Paxhia, Michael D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-6719
Warren, Martin
Savva, George M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-124X
Turner, A. Keith https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3680-6343
Beraza, Naiara https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0718-0940
Narbad, Arjan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-7558
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/Z514445/10, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001, Food Microbiome & Health ISP BB/X011054/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/QU/230001)
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Article History
Received: 14 June 2024
Accepted: 14 May 2025
First Online: 30 May 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Human stool collection was approved by the Quadram Institute Bioscience Human Research Governance Committee (IFR01/2015) and by the London-Westminster Research Ethics Committee (15/LO/2169). The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02653001). The participant provided signed informed consent prior to donating samples. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Germ-free animal experiments were done under the project NB70/8929. All experiments were approved by the Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Body (University of East Anglia). All procedures were carried out following the guidelines of the National Academy of Sciences (National Institutes of Health, publication 86-23, revised 1985) and were performed within the provisions of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986.
