Wasinska-Kalwa, Malgorzata https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-9103
Mamot, Adam
Czubak, Karol https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-8773
Frankowska, Katarzyna https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-4771
Rajkiewicz, Adam Ado https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9550-6287
Spiewla, Tomasz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6542-3966
Warminski, Marcin
Pilch, Zofia
Szulc-Gasiorowska, Marta
Siekan, Kacper https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8589-4420
Dziembowski, Andrzej https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-7572
Nowis, Dominika https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-9523
Golab, Jakub https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2830-5100
Kowalska, Joanna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-7999
Jemielity, Jacek https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-788X
Article History
Received: 29 July 2024
Accepted: 27 June 2025
First Online: 12 July 2025
Competing interests
: J.K., J.J., A.M., M.W.K., M.W., A.A.R., K.F., K.C., D.N., and J.G. are co-inventors of patent application related to chemical circularization of RNA (EP23461592.0A). The remaining authors declare no competing interests.