Zhu, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-6546
Brulois, Kevin F.
Dinh, Thanh T.
Pan, Junliang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-0917
Butcher, Eugene C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-7907
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research Institute (N/A)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (CA228019)
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI130471)
Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (T33IR6609)
Article History
Received: 15 February 2024
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 12 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.