Song, Yanpei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-5358
Hou, Linxiao
Lan, Pui Ching
Xing, Zhiwei https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4839-3759
Sun, Qi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-8741
Lv, Jia
Li, Jingwei
Zhang, Daliang
Dai, Zhifeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-8317
AlShahrani, Thamraa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4862-9954
Ma, Shengqian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1897-7069
Funding for this research was provided by:
Welch Foundation (B-0027)
DOE | NE | Nuclear Energy University Program (DE-NE0008281)
NSF | ENG/OAD | Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (CBET-1706025)
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (Deanship of Scientific Research)
Article History
Received: 18 November 2024
Accepted: 18 July 2025
First Online: 2 August 2025
Competing interests
: The Authors declare no competing interests.