Alcorn, Maria D. H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-3647
Sun, Chengqun
Gilliland, Theron C. Jr
Lukash, Tetyana
Crasto, Christine M.
Raju, Saravanan
Diamond, Michael S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-3165
Weaver, Scott C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-8556
Klimstra, William B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-7842
Funding for this research was provided by:
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI095436, R01 AI153209, R01 AI164653, T32 AI049820, UC7AI180311)
United States Department of Defense | Defense Threat Reduction Agency (MCDC 2103-011)
Article History
Received: 17 October 2024
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Competing interests
: W.B.K. is a co-founder of Advanced Virology. M.S.D. is a consultant or advisor for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, IntegerBio, Moderna, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, and GlaxoSmithKline. The Diamond laboratory has received additional unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from Vir Biotechnology, Emergent BioSolutions, and IntegerBio. S.C.W. is a consultant for Valneva. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.