Lee, Joonhyuk https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-3319
Seo, Yu-Seong
Pitike, Krishna Chaitanya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8225-9897
Kim, Gowoon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-839X
Ryu, Sangkyun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-538X
Chung, Hyeyun https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8300-8204
Park, Su Ryang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1582-7894
Yoon, Sangmoon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6370-1320
Kim, Younghak https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-0849
Cooper, Valentino R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-4410
Ohta, Hiromichi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-0343
Cho, Jinhyung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-8669
Jeen, Hyoungjeen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2922-377X
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022K2A9A1A01098180)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2024-00435344)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00558200)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00558200)
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022K2A9A1A01098180)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00558200)
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022K2A9A1A01098180)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00558200)
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022K2A9A1A01098180)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231)
Korea Basic Science Institute (RS-2024-00460372)
Korea Basic Science Institute (RS-2024-00460372)
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22H00253)
Article History
Received: 14 November 2024
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 15 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.