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Authors
Eremenko, Maksim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2875-968X
Krayzman, Victor
Gorfman, Semen
Bosak, Alexei
Playford, Helen Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-8605
Chater, Philip A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5513-9400
Ravel, Bruce
Laws, William J.
Ye, Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7477-4648
Minelli, Arianna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8310-3712
Wang, Bi-Xia
Ye, Zuo-Guang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-7304
Tucker, Matthew G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2891-7086
Levin, Igor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-3526
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Article History
Received: 29 April 2025
Accepted: 25 July 2025
First Online: 13 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: In crystalline solid solutions, even a random distribution of species sharing the same crystallographic sites leads to intrinsic nanoscale clustering of unit-cell characteristics, such as composition, charge, strain, etc. In PMN-PT, a structure with a random distribution of Mg and Nb or Mg, Nb, and Ti would exhibit extended regions with net positive and negative electric charges. The chemical ordering tends to increase the size of these regions.
