Kim, Kyung Mo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-5079
Hwang, Kyuin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-3660
Lee, Hanbyul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-9618
Cho, Ahnna https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9175-4559
Davis, Christina L.
Christner, Brent C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-7360
Priscu, John C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-6364
Kim, Ok-Sun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1217-4780
Funding for this research was provided by:
Korea Polar Research Institute (PE18340, PE20130, PE25130)
National Science Foundation (NSF-OPP 1543537, 1543396, 1543405, 1543453 and 1543441)
Article History
Received: 11 December 2024
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 18 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.