Martin, Eleanor https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-1180
Roberts, Morgan
Grigoras, Ioana F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-7919
Wright, Olivia
Nandi, Tulika https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8161-3770
Rieger, Sebastian W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-645X
Campbell, Jon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-1655
den Boer, Tim
Cox, Ben T. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7296-4093
Stagg, Charlotte J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-5036
Treeby, Bradley E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-011X
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P008860/1, EP/P008712/1, EP/S026371/1)
Wellcome Trust (203145/Z/16/Z, 224430/Z/21/Z, 203139/A/16/Z)
DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR203316)
Article History
Received: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2025
First Online: 5 September 2025
Competing interests
: B.E.T., E.M., O.W. and M.R. are authors of or have a financial interest in patent filings related to the technology described in this study. B.E.T. is a developer of the commercially available k-Plan treatment planning software used in this study, and B.E.T. and B.T.C. hold a financial interest in the software. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.