Cohen, Carolyn A.
Grzelak, Ludivine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-7565
Chiu, Susan S.
Hui, David SC https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-2445
Kwan, Mike YW
Tsang, Owen TY
Chan, Wai Hung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9256-4799
Yau, Yat Sun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-9139
Lee, Kelly WK
Mori, Masashi
Amarasinghe, Gaya K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-9707
Cheng, Samuel MS https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-2331
Poon, Leo LM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-7953
Peiris, Malik https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-5995
Valkenburg, Sophie A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0768-9926
Funding for this research was provided by:
Food and Health Bureau of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | Health and Medical Research Fund (COVID190126 and 190115)
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (HHSN272201400006C)
Theme based Research Grants Scheme
Article History
Received: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 23 August 2025
Competing interests
: LLM Poon, M Peiris and SA Valkenburg (patent pending: US 17/997,434, China: 2021800455096, WO2021219029A1) for the use of ORF8 as diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 infection. M Mori produced ORF8 protein for serological experiments by patent process based on US Patents 8,507,220 and 8,586,826. Other authors have no declaration of interest.