Rakotomalala Robinson, Dimbintsoa
Pennisi, Ivana
Cavuto, Matthew L.
Kiemde, Francois
Chamai, Martin
Some, Diane Yirgnur
Quigley, Elliot
Malpartida-Cardenas, Kenny https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-8810
Ndiath, Mamadou O.
Correa, Simon
Darboe, Bubacarr
Stewart, Lindsay B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-0160
Georgiou, Pantelis
Baldeh, Mamadu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7772-1111
Tinto, Halidou
Cunnington, Aubrey J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1305-3529
Erhart, Annette
D’Alessandro, Umberto
Rodriguez-Manzano, Jesus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2583-8366
,
Kiemde, François
Chamai, Martin
Stewart, Lindsay B.
Georgiou, Pantelis
Cunnington, Aubrey J.
Rodriguez-Manzano, Jesus
Abdul-Tawab, Azumah
Abdulai, Jamal-Deen
Abumanga, Mohammed
Achan, Jane
Akogo, Darlington A.
Amengu, Angelina A.
Amoah, Linda E.
Anyaduba, Tochukwu D.
Udofia, Emilia A.
Awandare, Gordon A.
da-Costa Vroom, Frances B.
Baatiema, Leonard
Baker, Kevin
Baldeh, Fatou
Balen, Julie
Baum, Jake
Baxter, Weston
Bonnington, Craig
Bukachi, Salome A.
Costelloe, Céire E.
de Witte, Luc P.
Duodu, Samuel
Dzabeng, Francis
Elnour, Fahad A.
Fitchett, Joe
Gamil, Sahar
Hachizovu, Sebastian S.
Hamade, Prudence
Abdel Hamid, Muzamil M.
Herberg, Jethro A.
A. Jebreel, Waleed M.
Kabuya, Jean-Bertin
Bawa, Flavia K.
Kaforou, Myrsini
Laryea, Dennis O.
Levin, Michael
Manyando, Christine
Mohamed, Abdelrahim O.
Molemodile Dele-Olowu, Shola K.
Moser, Nicolas
Mwanza, Sydney
Odoyo, Erick
Ofosuhemaa, Patience
Okell, Lucy C.
Omer, Abubakr
Piffer, Francesca M.
Porat, Talya
Sifuna, Anthony W.
Sans, Maria Suau
Bawah, Faiza U.
Usuf, Effua
Yawson, Alfred E.
Yeung, Shunmay
Sserwanga, Asadu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (226691/Z/22/Z, 215688/Z/19/Z)
DH | NIHR | Programme Development Grants (NIHR134694)
Jameel Fund for Infectious Disease Research and Innovation [grant reference number n.a]; the Fleming Initiative at Imperial College London [grant reference number n.a]
Article History
Received: 24 December 2024
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): I.P., M.L.C., E.Q., K.M.C., P.G. and J.R.M. have financial interest on ProtonDx Ltd, which currently has exclusive license to intellectual property linked to Dragonfly (WO2023131803A1) and SmartLid (WO2022180376A1), and their associated trademarks. These authors declare that they do not have any other known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.