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Authors
Koshiaris, Constantinos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9821-7608
Wang, Ariel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9993
Archer, Lucinda
Riley, Richard D.
Snell, Kym IE
Stevens, Richard J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-4060
Banerjee, Amitava https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-3411
Swain, Subhashisa
Clegg, Andrew
Clark, Christopher E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-3038
Payne, Rupert A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-4645
Hobbs, FD Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-7172
Ogden, Margaret
McManus, Richard J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-028X
Sheppard, James P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-8756
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Griffin, Simon
Usher-Smith, Juliet A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (211182/Z/18/Z)
DH | National Institute for Health Research (project 430)
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2024
Accepted: 12 September 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Competing interests
: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at ( ) and declare: authors had financial support from the Wellcome Trust, Royal Society, and National Institute for Health Research for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.
