Menon, Manisha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-3752
Haile, Colin N.
Dowling, David J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-6156
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (75N93019C00044, 75N93020C00038)
Article History
Received: 10 September 2024
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 9 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): D.J.D. is named inventors on vaccine adjuvant patents assigned to Boston Children’s Hospital. D.J.D. is on the scientific advisory board of EdJen BioTech and serves as a consultant with Merck Research Laboratories/Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. (a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc.). CNH is named as an inventor on a vaccine patent assigned to the University of Houston. D.J.D. and C.N.H. are co-founders of ARMR Sciences Inc. The rest of the authors do not have any competing interests.