Yassine, Iman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1865-4179
Jolley, Keith A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-0287
Bray, James E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-4254
Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa J.
Patel, Fadheela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-7416
Sheppard, Anna E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2913-0920
Zar, Heather J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-759X
Allen, Veronica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3989-5513
Ah Tow, Lemese
Maiden, Martin C. J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6321-5138
Nicol, Mark P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-4805
Brueggemann, Angela B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2329-1934
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (206394/Z/17/Z, 218205/Z/19/Z, 221372/Z/20/Z)
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1017641, OPP1017579)
South African Medical Research Council
Article History
Received: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 17 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.