Shafaq-Zadah, Massiullah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-8131
Dransart, Estelle
Hamitouche, Ilyes
Wunder, Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9091-0080
Chambon, Valérie
Valades-Cruz, Cesar A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1786-8207
Leconte, Ludovic
Sarangi, Nirod Kumar
Robinson, Jack
Bai, Siau-Kun
Regmi, Raju https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-0390
Di Cicco, Aurélie
Hovasse, Agnès https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-9688
Bartels, Richard
Nilsson, Ulf J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-9522
Cianférani-Sanglier, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-4129
Leffler, Hakon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-8945
Keyes, Tia E.
Lévy, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-4072
Raunser, Stefan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-3016
Roderer, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-3467
Johannes, Ludger https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2168-0004
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARCPGA2024110009062_9628)
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-19-CE13-0001-01, ANR-20-CE15-0009-01, ANR-22-CE11-0030-03, DALLISH-ANR-16-CE23-0005, ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02)
Mizutani Foundation for Glycoscience (200014)
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (EQU202103012926)
Science Foundation Ireland (19/FFP/6428, 14/IA/2488)
Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Competing interests
: H.L. and U.J.N. are shareholders in Galecto Biotech Inc., a company that develops galectin inhibitors. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest with the contents of this article.