Gupta, Shobhit https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2151-7318
Huang, Yizhong
Liu, Shihan
Pei, Yuxiang
Gao, Qiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5992-4871
Yang, Shuolong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-9898
Tomm, Natasha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-2261
Warburton, Richard J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3095-3596
Zhong, Tian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3884-7453
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (1944715)
National Science Foundation (DMR-2011854)
United States Department of Defense | U.S. Army (W911NF2010296)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-22-1-2281)
United states Department of Energy, QNEXT quantum science and engineering research center.
Article History
Received: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.