Das, Suradip https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-6605
Gordián-Vélez, Wisberty J.
Dave, Jay R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9940-515X
Ali, Zarina S.
Ledebur, Harry C.
Cullen, D. Kacy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-5216
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01-AR083489, R01-NS127895)
U.S. Department of Defense (HT94252410804)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01-RX005045, I50-RX004845)
Article History
Received: 23 December 2024
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Competing interests
: D.K.C and H.C.L. are co-founders of Axonova Medical, Inc, and D.K.C. is a co-founder of Innervace, Inc, which are University of Pennsylvania spin-out companies focused on translation of advanced regenerative therapies to treat nervous system disorders. Portions of the composition, methods, and use of the techniques described in this paper are published in U.S. patent application 17/291,869 (D.K.C, S.D., and W.G.V.). No other author has declared a potential competing of interest.