Wen, Bo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2261-3150
Hsu, Chris
Shteynberg, David
Zeng, Wen-Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-2147
Riffle, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-8607
Chang, Alexis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0822-8136
Mudge, Miranda C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3769-5937
Nunn, Brook L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-4359
MacLean, Brendan X. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-0255
Berg, Matthew D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-9241
Villén, Judit https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1005-1739
MacCoss, Michael J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-0256
Noble, William S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7283-4715
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (2245300)
Article History
Received: 27 October 2024
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Competing interests
: The MacCoss Lab at the University of Washington receives funding from Agilent, Bruker, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Waters to support the development of Skyline, a quantitative analysis software tool. MJM is a paid consultant for Thermo Fisher Scientific. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.