Arai, Satoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-8248
Itoh, Hideki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8668-5175
Vu, Cong Quang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-9060
Nguyen, Loan Thi Ngoc
Nakayama, Mizuho
Oshima, Masanobu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-0004
Morita, Atsuya
Okamoto, Kazuko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9874-5710
Okuda, Satoru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3792-8067
Teranishi, Aki https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7209-010X
Osawa, Madori
Tamura, Yoshiteru
Nonoyama, Shigeaki
Takuma, Megumi
Fujie, Toshinori https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-8670
Sarker, Satya Ranjan
Sudhaharan, Thankiah
Furube, Akihiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-0843
Katayama, Tetsuro
Kiya, Taketoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-8016
Lane, E. Birgitte https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1457-2934
Kitaguchi, Tetsuya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6701-1933
Funding for this research was provided by:
MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JPMJFR201E)
Nakatani Foundation, the Cooperative Research Program ofâNetwork Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices
Singapore through core support to the Skin Research Institute of Singapore
Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0047/2018)
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP18H04832, JP22H05176)
Article History
Received: 22 September 2023
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.