Esper, Marie E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-6938
Lin, Alexander Y. T.
Bennett, Dallas
Rudnicki, Michael A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3866-5249
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FDN-148387)
Canadian HIV Trials Network, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-183804)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR044031)
Stem Cell Network
Article History
Received: 28 November 2024
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Competing interests
: M.A.R. is the Founding Scientist and Chief Discovery Officer of Satellos Bioscience and receives consulting remuneration, and holds stocks and options. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.