Qi, Ziheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-2613
Wang, Miao
Yan, Chenxi
Zhao, Yinbing
Wang, Yanhui
Chen, Xiaonan
Li, Shunxiang
Zhuang, Wenbo
Shu, Weikang
Wang, Yating
Lin, Yingying
Hou, Jiaxin
Guo, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-064X
Fan, Xianqun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9394-3969
Su, Yun
Wan, Jingjing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9324-2647
Article History
Received: 7 October 2024
Accepted: 5 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Competing interests
: Z. Qi and J. Wan have patents for both the analytical technology and the use of the technology to detect bio-samples in preparation, and not yet filed. The other authors declare no competing interests. Received: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff)) Revised: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff)) Published online: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff)).