Zhang, Xin-Ya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-3076
Bobadilla-Suarez, Sebastian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-0772
Luo, Xiaoliang
Lemonari, Marilena https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-3369
Brincat, Scott L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-7294
Siegel, Markus https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5115-936X
Miller, Earl K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-6958
Love, Bradley C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-7076
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Economic and Social Research Council (ES/W007347/1)
Royal Society (183029)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | ONR | Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory (N00014-23-1-2768)
China Scholarship Council (202206260103)
Article History
Received: 28 December 2023
Accepted: 8 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.