Updates are available Correction dated 2026-02-04
Click to view Correction: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69221-6
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Authors
Li, Xuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9354-2105
Jiang, Xiao
He, Ye
Xiong, Hongwei
Huang, Qian
Xu, Kun
Luo, Xin-Xin
Li, Kai
Tao, Bailong
Zha, Kangkang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-5466
Wu, Jing
Liu, Peng
Cai, Kaiyong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9029-680X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52333011, 52021004, 21734002 and 32171327)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2024
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Change Date: 4 February 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69221-6
Competing interests
: X.L., P.L. and K.C. have submitted a patent application to the China National Intellectual Property Administration pertaining to the surface modification technology of titanium and its applications aspects of this work (number CN202411313824.4, filed 20 September 2024). The other authors declare no competing interests.
