Ofori-Okai, Benjamin K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-6786
Descamps, Adrien https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1708-6376
Toro, Edna R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-4325
Ikeya, Megan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3184-915X
Hansen, Stephanie B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-9770
Mo, Mianzhen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-0815
Baczewski, Andrew D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8553-9934
Brown, Danielle
Fletcher, Luke B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7120-7194
McBride, Emma E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-6126
Shen, Xiaozhe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-608X
Weinmann, Anthea
Yang, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5115-2413
Schein, Jochen
Chen, Zhijiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-7075
Wang, Xijie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-4709
Glenzer, Siegfried H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-0558
Funding for this research was provided by:
DOE | SC | Fusion Energy Sciences (100866)
DOE | LDRD | SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (DE-A02-76SF00515)
DOE | SC | Basic Energy Sciences
Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.