Lawrence, Ryan
Athar, Mohd https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-1026
Uddin, Muhammad R.
Adams, Christopher
Sousa, Joana S.
Durrant, Oliver https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-7025
Lellman, Sophie
Sutton, Lucy
Keevil, C. William https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-7706
Patel, Nisha
Prosser, Christine E.
McMillan, David https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9376-0284
Zgurskaya, Helen I. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8929-4727
Vargiu, Attilio V. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-8867
Ahdash, Zainab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4495-8689
Reading, Eamonn https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-0052
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Medical Research Council (MR/S015426/1)
RCUK | MRC | Medical Research Foundation (MR/X009580/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/T008709/1, BB/T008768/1)
UCB (BB/T008709/1)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (RO1AI132836, R01AI136799)
Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 17 October 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.